Methods: One-hundred-thirty eyes of 96 patients were evaluated retrospectively. Fundus fluorescein angiography(FFA) was performed during the baseline and as needed at the visits. Three consecutive monthly injection and then additional injections as needed were performed. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) data at baseline, month 3, 6 and 12 were analyzed.

Results: The mean age of the patients (50M-46F) was 62.06±7.63-years. Mean number of injection was 6.5±2.1. Baseline FFA showed diffuse edema in 56 eyes(43.1%), focal edema in 74 eyes(56,9%); and OCT showed cystic DME in 42 eyes(32,3%), swelling( sponge-like) and cystic DME in 43 eyes (33.1%), swelling-serous DME in 11 eyes(8.5%), cystic-serous in 27 eyes(20.8%), and serous in 7 eyes(5.4%). Peripheral retinal ischemia was present in 59 eyes(45.3%). Central macular thickness (CMT) at baseline, month 3, 6 and 12 was 433.7±149.6?m, 362.1±117.6?m, 342.4±101.6?m and 323.4±96.7?m, respectively (p<0,001). The mean LogMAR BCVA at baseline, month 3, 6 and 12 was 0.65±0.31, 0.47±0.28, 0.47±0.29 and 0.46±0.28, respectively (p<0,001). A statistically significant correlation was found between fi nal BCVA and type of leakage, edema pattern, presence of peripheral retinal ischemia, baseline and fi nal CMT and baseline BCVA

Conclusion: The amount and type of leakage, BCVA and the presence of peripheral retinal ischemia at baseline as well as metabolic control seem to be signifi cant prognostic factors influencing fi nal visual outcome after long-term IVRI in patients with DME. Keywords : Diabetic macular edema, visual acuity, ranibizumab