Method: A retrospective study was designed to evaluate the effect of preoperative anti-VEGF agents. Patients treated with PPV for proliferative diabetic retinopathy related nonclearing vitreous hemorrhage were enrolled in this study. Patients received an intravitreal anti-VEGF injection (repackaged 1.25 mg/0.05 ml bevacizumab, 0.5 mg/0.05 mL ranibizumab, 2 mg/0.05 ml afl ibercept) before surgery (1 to 14 days before surgery) were included in group 1. Patients did not receive an anti-VEGF injection were included in group 2. Different groups were compared in terms of intraoperative and postoperative complications and duration of surgery.

Results: Fifty-nine eyes of 59 patients have fulfi lled the inclusion criteria and were analyzed in this study. Thirty eyes of 30 patients were included in group 1, and 29 eyes of 29 patients were included in group 2. Final best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) after surgery showed significant improvement compared with baseline in 2 groups (p=0.001). Incidence of signifi cant intraoperative bleeding and the incidence of the iatrogenic retinal tear was higher in group 2 (p=0.045, p=0.049 respectively). Incidence of early and delayed recurrent vitreous hemorrhage (VH) did not differ signifi cantly between the 2 treatment groups (p=0.76, p=0.61 respectively). The duration of surgery in group 1 was significantly shorter than group 2, (p=0.001).

Conclusion: The preoperative anti-VEGF agents applying for diabetic VH facilitate a faster the surgery and achieve better operative results. Keywords : Vitreous hemorrhage, Tractional retinal detachment, Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor