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Hacettepe Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Göz Hastalıkları A.D., Ankara, Prof. Dr. Endophthalmitis is a serious, vision threatening condition which can present in various settings, mainly postoperative, traumatic and endogenous. Prompt recognition and treatment are the keys in maximizing outcomes. Postoperative endophthamitis after cataract surgery is the most common presentation. Endophthalmitis Vitrectomy Study is the basis for the management of postcataract surgery endophthalmitis, notably prompt intravitreal antibiotic administration after vitreus sampling, with consideration for pars plana vitrectomy in severe cases. Treatment rationales may differ for other forms of endophthalmitis based on differing clinical findings such as associated trauma, intraocular foreign body, or retinal detachment and the virulance of the organisms which may necessitate earlier surgical intervention. In this review, surgical approach for endophthalmitis will be summarized. Keywords : Endophthalmitis, intraocular injection, vitrectomy