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Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Göz Hastalıkları A.D., İzmir, Prof. Dr. Natural adherence areas were seen between retina and vitreous especially in the early period of life. The basic elements of this adherence are posterior hyaloid membrane of the vitreous and intrenal limiting membrane of the retina. In the late period of life, the histologic components of the vitreous were changed and posterior vitreous detachment can be seen in the posterior pole but the adherence may still continued on optic nerve rim, macula, vitreous base and vascular surfaces. Vitreoretinal traction syndrome can be seen in the cases which has incomplete posterior vitreous detachment and sometimes these cases can not be determined with routine optical diagnostic tools. In these cases optical coherence tomography (OCT) is very effective technology to analyse the variations of adherence between the posterior hyaloid and retinal surface. In some cases, retinal surface is influenced by the posterior hyaloid detachment and fibrotic changes may be seen on the retinal surface which had been traumatized by hyaloid detachment. Epiretinal membrane (ERM) formation is seen on these areas and especially in the macular area, so ERM formation may effect the visual quality and acuity when it is settled on the central part of the retina. Optical coherence tomography is very important tool for diagnostic analysis of the retinal surface and effects of the vitreous alterations on it. We can determined the vitreoretinal interface with highly detailed as 3 micrometer sections like as in vivo biopsy with OCT and it is very useful for making the decision on surgical indications and postoperative follow up. Keywords : Optical coherence tomography, vitreoretinal traction syndrome, epiretinal membranes, posterior vitreous detachment