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Selçuk Üniversitesi Meram Tıp Fakültesi Göz Hastalıkları A.D., Konya, Dr. Diabetic macular edema (DME) is one of the major causes of vision loss in diabetic retinopathy. Focal/ grid laser is the only treatment with long term, proven efficacy. However as laser only provides preservation of vision, its combination with intravitreal triamcinolone, or vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is recommended. Triamcinolone provides long term effect but causes serious side effects like increased intraocular pressure and cataract. Promising results with increase in visual acuity are reported with application of VEGF antibodies -bevacizumab and especially ranibizumab. However the short duration of their effects warrants a conitinuing querry for alternative treatments. VEGF trap, bevasiranib, protein kinase C inhibitors, TNF blockers, non-steroid antiinflamatory drugs, antilipidemics are alternative modalities under research. However for optimum benefit glucose regulation is the first step in the treatment . Keywords : Diabetic macular edema, diabetic retinopathy, laser, steroid, pegatanib, ranibizumab, bevacizumab, bevasinarib, rapamisin