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Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Tıp Fak. Göz Hast.AD. Isparta Purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of vitrectomy on visual prognosis in aphakic and phakic chronic cystoid macular edema patients. Fourteen eyes of the 14 patients (9 female, 5 male) were included in this study. Pars plana vitrectomy (PPV), removal of posterior hyaloid and pealing of epiretinal membranes were performed to the patients. There were 5 (%37.5) aphakic and 9 (%64.3) phakic eyes. In postoperative period, visual acuity remained as the same in 5 (%36) eyes; increased in 9 (%64.3) eyes. There was mild vitreous hemorrhage in 2 (%14) eyes, macular hole in 1 (%7) eye as a postoperative complication. As a result; if aphakic and phakic chronic cystoid macular edema patients are non responsive to the medical treatment or there is an intolerance to medical treatment, PPV can be performed. PPV improved the visual prognosis. Keywords : Aphakic and phakic chronic cystoid macular edema, pars plana vitrectomy