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¹Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Hastanesi Göz Hastalıkları A.D., Ankara, Asist. Dr.
²Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Hastanesi Göz Hastalıkları A.D., Ankara, Prof. Dr.
³Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Hastanesi Çocuk Hastalıkları A.D., Ankara, Doç. Dr. Purpose: To determine the results of laser photocoagulation and/or cryotherapy and its relation with systemic risk factors in retinopathy of prematurity.
Materials and Methods: The data of babies with retinopathy of prematurity were retrospectively evaluated. The babies who received laser photocoagulation and/or cryotherapy were divided into three groups according to fundus findings, babies who represented regression without complication were included in group 1, babies who represented with regression of retinopathy with fundus findings such as dragging of papilla or macula, fibrotic band formation were included in group 2 and babies who represented cicatricial fundus findings and showed progression despite treatment were included in group 3. Birth weight, gestational age, retinopathy grade and association with systemic risk factors were investigated.
Results: At initial examination retinopathy of prematurity was established in 310 (55.1%) of 562 infants. One hundred sixty six (53.5%) of 310 babies were treated with laser photocoagulation and/or cryotherapy. At the end of follow up period, 146 of 166 babies were compared in the terms of final fundus findings. One hundred twenty six (86.3%) of 146 showed regression without complication (group 1), 15 (10.2%) had regression with dragging of papilla or macula or fibrotic band formation (group 2) and 5 (3.4%) exhibited progression despite treatment (group 3). Twenty two babies (17.4%) in group 1 developed threshold retinopathy while it was 12 (80%) in group 2 and 5 (100%) in group 3. One hundred and twelve of 177 babies who had perinatal risk factors such as multiple birth, respiratory distress syndrome, oxygen therapy, septicemia, hyperbilirubinemia, intraventricular hemorrhage, necrotizing enterocolitis required treatment.
Conclusion: Laser phocoagulation provides regression without complication in babies with prethreshold retinopathy of prematurity. Especially babies with perinatal risk factors must be followed carefully and treated acurately because of increased treatment requirement. Keywords : Retinopathy of prematurity, laser fotocoagulation, perinatal risk factors