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Haydarpaşa Num.Eğt.ve Arş.Hast., 1. Göz Kliniği Purpose: To determine the fundus lesions effecting visual acuity in age-related macular degeneration (ARMD).
460 eyes of 265 patients with ARMD were analyzed retrospectively. ARMD lesions were divided into subgroups according to their visual acuity (1/10 and inferior, between 1/10 and 5/10, 5/10 and superior). Statistics were analyzed using the chi-square test.
Results: Visual acuity was 5/10 and superior in 120 of 174 eyes (69%) with drusen (p=0,000). Among 26 eyes with geographic atrophy, visual acuity was 1/10 and inferior in 11 eyes (42,2%), between 1/10 and 5/10 in 8 eyes (30,8%) and 5/10 and superior in 7 eyes (27%)(p=0,607). Visual acuity was 1/10 and inferior in 24 of 28 eyes (85,7%) with disciform scar (p=0,000). Visual acuity was 1/10 and inferior in 69 of 99 eyes (69,7%) with choroidal neovascularization (p=0,000). Among 18 eyes with pigment epithelial detachment, visual acuity was 1/10 and inferior in 8 eyes (44,5%), between 1/10 and 5/10 in 1 eye (5,5%) and 5/10 and superior in 9 eyes (50%)(p=0,042).). Visual acuity was 1/10 and inferior in 10 of 13 eyes (76,9%) with subretinal hemorrhage (p=0,033). Visual acuity was 5/10 and superior in 40 of 57 eyes (70,2%) with pigment epithelial alteration (p=0,000). Visual acuity was 5/10 and superior in 27 of 45 eyes (60%) with drusen and pigment epithelial alteration (p=0,000).
Conclusion: Choroidal neovascularization, subretinal hemorrhage and disciform scar were observed to be the lesions that caused significant severe visual loss in cases with ARMD. However, drusen and pigment epithelial alteration were not associated with significant severe visual loss. Keywords : Age-related macular degeneration, choroidal neovascularization, drusen, disciform scar, subretinal hemorrhage